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雨 (あめ) ame—
rain
雲 (くも) kumo—
clouds
雷 (かみなり) kaminari—
thunder and lightning
靄 (もや) moya—
haze, mist
霞 (かすみ) kasumi—
haze, mist
(While both "kasumi" and "moya" mean haze or mist, and can be used to describe atmospheric conditions, "kasumi" is much more likely to turn up in idiomatic expressions for other things; e.g. karera wa kumo wo kasumi to nigesatta: [lit. they escaped like clouds turned to mist] they ran like the wind.)
煙霞 (えんか) enka—
mist and smoke; a shroud of mist
霧 (きり) kiri—
fog
濃霧 (のうむ) nōmu—
heavy fog
霧雨 (きりさめ) kirisame—
drizzle
霖雨 (りんう) rin'u—
long spell of rain
劇雨(げきう) gekiu—
torrential downpour
豪雨(ごうう) gō'u—
torrential downpour, flood
寒雨(かんう) kan'u—
icy rain
雨雪(うせつ) usetsu—
a mix of rain and snow
雪 (ゆき) yuki—
snow
小雪(こゆき) koyuki—
light snow
霜 (しも) shimo—
frost
露 (つゆ) tsuyu—
dew
rain
雲 (くも) kumo—
clouds
雷 (かみなり) kaminari—
thunder and lightning
靄 (もや) moya—
haze, mist
霞 (かすみ) kasumi—
haze, mist
(While both "kasumi" and "moya" mean haze or mist, and can be used to describe atmospheric conditions, "kasumi" is much more likely to turn up in idiomatic expressions for other things; e.g. karera wa kumo wo kasumi to nigesatta: [lit. they escaped like clouds turned to mist] they ran like the wind.)
煙霞 (えんか) enka—
mist and smoke; a shroud of mist
霧 (きり) kiri—
fog
濃霧 (のうむ) nōmu—
heavy fog
霧雨 (きりさめ) kirisame—
drizzle
霖雨 (りんう) rin'u—
long spell of rain
劇雨(げきう) gekiu—
torrential downpour
豪雨(ごうう) gō'u—
torrential downpour, flood
寒雨(かんう) kan'u—
icy rain
雨雪(うせつ) usetsu—
a mix of rain and snow
雪 (ゆき) yuki—
snow
小雪(こゆき) koyuki—
light snow
霜 (しも) shimo—
frost
露 (つゆ) tsuyu—
dew